2^(1/12) is the twelfth root of 2 (the value that when multiplied by itself 12 times yields the result 2), which is approximately 1.05946.F0 is the reference frequency (in this case, A4 at 440 Hz).
Fn is the frequency of the note we're trying to calculate.I.e., the pitch of the note A4 is defined as exactly 440 Hz, and the frequency of all other notes are derived from that value based on the formula: These frequencies are based on an equal tempered scale derived from the A440 reference frequency. That is, when the string on a guitar (or the diaphragm in a speaker cone) vibrates at the specified frequency a sound of the corresponding pitch is generated. The frequency of an oscillator that generates a sound wave with the corresponding pitch, in hertz (hz) - i.e., cycles per second. For completeness this numbering is extended to the index 131 (SPN B9), but only the range 0 to 127 is considered valid in the actual MIDI standard. The MIDI note number assigned to each note in the MIDI, ranging from MIDI 0 (SPN C-1) to MIDI 127 (SPN G9). Note that the range of human hearing is conventionally described as ranging from approximately 20 Hz (roughly C0) to approximately 15 kHz (roughly A♯9/B♭9) although children (and people with exceptionally good hearing) can perceive frequencies as low as ~12 Hz (roughly G-1) and as high as ~28 kHz (roughly A10, which is about 10 semitones beyond the range listed in the table). Scientific Pitch Notation is also know as American Standard Notation (ASPN) and Internation Pitch Notation (IPN). The Scientific Pitch Notation (SPN) label for each note, which combines the note name (C, C♯/D♭, D, D♯/E♭, E, F, F♯/G♭, G, G♯/A♭, A, A♯/B♭, B) with the octave number (on scale of -1 to 9). Roughly the upper-range of frequencies that are typically audible to adult humans (conventionally ~15 kHz) Highest note on 24-fret guitar in standard tuning Highest note on 15-fret ukulele in gCEA (reentrant C6 or "high G") tuning Highest note on 24-fret bass guitar in standard tuning Middle C (C4) / Lowest note on ukulele in gCEA (reentrant C6 or "high G") tuning Lowest note on bass guitar in standard tuning Roughly the lowest frequency that humans can typically "hear" (as opposed to "feel").
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